Teenagers should be allowed...教案
教学目标(Language Goal)1. 能够谈论允许和不允许做的事情
2. 能够谈论应该被允许和不被允许做的事情
3. 能够针对被允许和不被允许做的事情发表自己的观点(同意或者不同意)
4. 能够表达同意或者不同意的理由
目标语言(Target Language)
1. I think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive
我认为应该允许16岁的孩子开车。
2. I disagree . I think sixteen is too young.
我不同意,我认为16岁这个年纪太年轻了。
3. Do you think thirteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs ?
你认为应该允许13岁的孩子们做兼职工作吗?
4. No , I don’t . 不,我认为不应该。
5. Anna is allowed to wear her own clothes.
安娜可以选择自己的衣服。
6. They are not serious enough at that age.
那个年龄的他们不够稳重。
7. -What rules do you have at home ?
你家有什么规定吗?
-Well , I’m not allowed to go out on school nights.
噢,我在周一至周五不能外出。
词汇和短语(Vocabulary and expressions)
allow 允许 drive 架车 pierce [pi s]刺穿
license 执照 driver司机 silly愚蠢的、傻的
earring 耳环 concentrate集中 volunteer自愿、志愿者
Local地方的 perform表演 primary初级的
go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去
part-time jobs 兼职工作
driver’s license 驾驶执照
get their ears pierced 穿耳孔
choose one’s own clothes 选自己的衣服
sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的孩子
seem to 好像 at that age 在那个年龄
so do we 我们也一样 get to class late . 上课迟到
fail a test 考试不及格 be strict with 对…要求严格
the other day 前几天 get to doing sth 着手做某事
look smart 看起来整洁 concentrate on 关注…
be a good way to do 是…的好方法
It’s a good idea for sb to do 是…的好主意
get noisy 变得嘈杂
at present 目前
have an opportunity to do sth .
有做…的机会
be a good experience for sb. 对…来说是很有意义的经历
take time to do things 花费时间做事情
old people’s home 敬老院
be sleepy 困 after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后
have Friday afternoons off 周五放假
语法内容:
一. 被动语态
1. “语态”表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法,即主动语态和被动语态,本单
元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词(should)的被动语态。
先看几个基本概念
主语是动作的发出者为主动语态
主语是动作的接受者为被动语态
只有及物动词才有被动语态。
2. 被动语态的构成
(1)请大家看图
The office is cleaned every day .
The office was cleaned yesterday.
Compare active and passive:
动作的接受者the office成了句子的主语,就应该用被动语态。从上面的例句我们可以总结:
一般现在时的被动语态为:主+am / is / are (not)+过去分词
一般过去时的被动语态为:主+was / were +过去分词
如:Butter is made from milk.
This house was built 100 years ago.
以前我们学过的was / were born 生于,就是一个被动语态
born是个过去分词(bear)
-When were you born ? -I was born in 1989.
如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者,句子后面需接by ~ ,译为“被(由)…”
如:We were woken up by a loud noise .
我们被嘈杂的声音吵醒。
(2)请看图
从上面例子,我们可以看出,现在进行时被动语态的构成为
主语+is / am / are + being +过去分词
再如:
My car is being repaired now.
Some new houses are being built near the park.
公园附近在建一些房子。
(3)请看图
BEFORE NOW
从上面例子,我们可以看出现在完成时被动语态的构成为
主语+have / has +been +过去分词
如:
My key has been stolen.
My keys have been stolen.
I am not going to the party , I haven’t been invited.
含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+be+过去分词
A note had better be left to him.
Teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes
这里我们列举了几个主要时态,那么其它时态呢?
一般将来时 主语+will +be +过去分词
过去将来时 主语+would / should + be +过去分词
过去进行时 主语+was / were + being +过去分词
过去完成时 主语+had + been +过去分词
被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不
变。
归纳:
肯定句:主语+be + 过去分词+(by ~)
否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by ~)
一般疑问句:Be +主语+过去分词+(by ~)?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by ~)
3. 被动语态的用法:
(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语
Such books are written for children.
这些书是为儿童写的。
I haven’t been told about it .
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